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Showing posts with label personalized medicine. Show all posts
Showing posts with label personalized medicine. Show all posts

Friday, 14 December 2007

The Hope and Challenge of Personalized HealthCare

Posted on 02:30 by Unknown
"Industry should take on the burden of showing the value of new technologies in terms of relative costs and benefits to the Federal government."

That was one of Hoffmann-La Roche Inc. CEO George Abercrombie’s key points in his address on Personalized Healthcare during Windhover's FDA/CMS Summit for Biopharmaceutical Executives December 6. (You can read more about the Summit's various talks elsewhere on the IN VIVO Blog--here, here, here, and here--and in the upcoming issue of The RPM Report.)

"It is our fault if we allow Federal programs and other insurers to view each advance in personalized healthcare as merely adding the costs of an additional test to their program without taking into account the health and economic benefits of prevention, safer health interventions and more effective health outcomes," Abercrombie said.

He offered an example from Roche's own experience, the commercial failure of AmpliChip, the first FDA approved micro-array. "Even though the FDA cleared it, many insurers declined to cover it because its utility was considered experimental, investigational, or unproven. Others declined to cover it because its clinical value has not been established."

If industry does its part, Abercrombie said, government needs to do its part too. "Even if the new therapy results in additional costs to the Federal government in the short term, the government should still provide premium reimbursement for these products if a case can be made for coverage based on the relative benefits to patients and the product saves the government money over the long term."

An example? How about Roche's once-monthly bisphosphonate ibandronate (Boniva), marketed to treat osteoporosis.

"Biochemical markers of bone turnover in patients with osteoporosis are reliable indicators of successful treatment as early as three months after start of bisphosphonate therapy," Abercrombie says. "Adoption of inexpensive testing, combined with pharma therapy should be embraced by the Government to control costs and improve individual patient outcomes."

Unfortunately, "payers have decided to cover bone mineral density screenings after one to two years of bisphosphonate therapy."

"We believe early feedback and positive reinforcement from biochemical markers of bone turnover in patients with osteoporosis could encourage responders to continue to take their medicine regularly. Likewise, if the bone turnover markers show that a patient is a non-responder; their physician should have that information available in deciding whether to change the patient’s bisphosphonate therapy or discontinue therapy, even if it hurts Roche’s market share."

All in all, sounds like a company willing to put its money where its mouth is.

If you missed Abercrombie's keynote address at the FDA/CMS Summit December 6, you can read it here.
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Posted in FDA/CMS Summit, personalized medicine, reimbursement, Roche | No comments

Monday, 10 September 2007

While You Were Finally Watching Some Football

Posted on 03:00 by Unknown
Autumn's here, and the NFL is back. IN VIVO Blog's contingent of Philadelphia Eagles fans is predictably feeling a little uneasy about the season ahead. Meanwhile, here are a few odds and ends from the weekend.
  • More GSK hand-wringing in the UK papers, this time it's the Financial Times. (Hat Tip: Pharmagossip.)
  • Hey look, free access to medical journals. (via the NYT)
  • The SF Chronicle looks at personalized medicine, and how the FDA is encouraging drug developers to find genetic patterns in responses to treatment.

(Photo by Jonathan Daniel/Getty Images)

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Posted in GSK, personalized medicine, sports, While You Were ... | No comments

Tuesday, 4 September 2007

Science Matters: A small personalized medicine bailout for Cox-2s?

Posted on 11:34 by Unknown
There was little attention paid to last week's paper suggesting that PPAR delta agonists might be used to prevent the cardiovascular side effects of Cox-2 inhibitors (coxibs) such as Vioxx and Celebrex.

The study in the Journal of Experimental Medicine (JEM) showed that Cox-2 suppresses the expression of tissue factor (TF) -- the primary activator of blood clotting and a proximal cause of coxibs' CV problems -- via the activation of PPAR delta.

Of course, there are no approved PPAR delta drugs, although pharmas including GSK have tried developing them to treat cardiovascular disease. (One news outlet suggested GSK's drug could be an "unlikely savior" for Vioxx, but that's a far stretch.) And no one would think to couple a PPAR delta with a coxib for use as a combination analgesic--the risk/benefit ratio of that presumably is way off.

But there's another, intriguing aspect to this research result.

The problem with Vioxx is that it is associated with cardiovascular complications in a small number of patients. "We should look at these patients in terms of their TF levels and other clotting parameters," suggests Timothy Hla of the University of Connecticut Health Center and a principal author of the JEM paper. "Is the TF gene in these people somehow different? Is it regulated differently? Are they more sensitive or more resistant to the effects of the PPAR delta they produce? Instead of looking at the selectivity of Cox-2, let's look at patients' sensitivity."

Hla has a longstanding interest in Cox-2's role in normal blood vessel physiology and angiogenesis: he cloned the gene from human vascular cells in and named it Cox-2 in 1992, while at the American Red Cross Research Institute.

A first step would be to measure TF levels, which can be easily collected from plasma, in patients taking Celebrex and correlate them with treatment results. It's all well and good to talk about testing PPAR delta agonists for their therapeutic effects regulating the TF gene. (The most advanced may be GSK's GW 501516, which the Hla group used in its experiments. GSK in-licensed the compound from Ligand Pharmaceuticals, but its development has lagged at Phase II. Ligand's most recent 1o-K says the drug's development is 'on hold' pending the review of preclinical studies, and there is no mention of it on GSK's own clinical trials web site or in any recent publicity [clintrials.gov lists a 'completed' Phase II study], so for all we know it has been terminated.)

So that's a long way off. Most of the focus on the mechanism of Cox-2 has centered on its effect on platelets. A simple blood test might go a long way towards refining that effort.
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Posted in Diabetes, GSK, personalized medicine, Science Matters, Vioxx | No comments
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